Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Key Topics Covered

• Class & Object
• Properties, Methods, Access Modifiers
• Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction (overview)
• Demonstrating OOP in C# (class creation, instantiation, member access)
• Procedural vs Object-Oriented Programming
• Key takeaways & Hands-on practice

OOP Principles – Deep Dive

Key Topics Covered

• Encapsulation (BankAccount example)
• Inheritance (Vehicle, Car, Bike)
• Polymorphism (Shape, Draw method)
• Abstraction (API example)
• Hands-on Lab

Interfaces

Key Topics Covered

• Introduction & real-world analogy
• Interface structure & rules
• Steps to implement interfaces
• Benefits: Reusability, Testability, DI, Polymorphism, SoC
• Real-world applications (DI, SoC)
• Hands-on Labs

Abstract Classes

Key Topics Covered

• Abstract classes overview & analogy
• Abstract vs non-abstract members
• Implementation steps & rules
• Benefits: Reusability, Encapsulation, Polymorphism
• Real-world banking example
• Hands-on Labs

Constructor Basics

Key Topics Covered

• Introduction to constructors & new keyword
• Constructor execution order
• Inheritance execution flow
• Constructor overloading
• Constructor chaining (this)
• Access modifiers in constructors

Constructor Types

Key Topics Covered

• Default, Parameterized, Copy, Static, Private constructors
• Static constructors behavior
• Constructor exceptions
• Best practices
• Real-world hands-on lab

Destructors & Resource Management

Key Topics Covered

• Destructors & GC lifecycle
• GC.Collect & WaitForPendingFinalizers
• Destructor vs IDisposable
• Dispose pattern
• using keyword for resource management
• Hands-on demo

C# Class Types

Key Topics Covered

• Abstract classes
• Sealed classes
• Partial classes
• Static classes
• Real-world analogies

C# Method Types

Key Topics Covered

• Instance methods
• Static methods
• Extension methods
• Async & await
• Anonymous methods
• Hands-on coding examples

Delegates & Events

Key Topics Covered

• Delegates & invocation
• Multicast delegates
• Events vs Delegates
• Declaring & raising events
• Real-world use cases (UI, file download)
• Hands-on Lab

Properties in C#

Key Topics Covered

• Properties vs Fields
• Read-only, Write-only, Read-write properties
• Auto-implemented properties
• Encapsulation best practices
• Hands-on exercises

Fields in C#

Key Topics Covered

• Instance fields
• Static fields
• Readonly fields
• Constants (const)
• Backing fields
• Hands-on exercises

SOLID Principles – Part 1

Key Topics Covered

• OOP recap & design importance
• SRP, OCP, LSP, ISP, DIP (with code demos)
• Monolithic vs SOLID architecture

SOLID Principles – Part 2 (DIP & DI)

Key Topics Covered

• DIP with Dependency Injection
• Constructor, Method, Property Injection
• Built-in DI container in .NET Core
• IoC containers (Autofac, Ninject)
• Docker & Kubernetes overview
• Hands-on coding demos

Design Patterns

Key Topics Covered

• Introduction to GoF patterns
• Creational (Singleton, Factory)
• Structural (Repository)
• Behavioral (Unit of Work)
• Microservices architecture with Ocelot

Exception Handling

Key Topics Covered

• Exceptions vs Errors
• try-catch-finally flow
• throw keyword
• using keyword
• Real-world DB exception demo

Async Programming & Multithreading

Key Topics Covered

• Concurrency concepts
• Threads & ThreadPool
• Parallel programming
• Task-based async programming
• Choosing correct async model
• Real-world combined scenario

Reflection

Key Topics Covered

• Reflection basics & metadata
• Inspecting types at runtime
• Working with Type class
• Dynamic object creation
• Real-world reflection use cases

Introduction to Generics

Key Topics Covered

• Recap of OOP building blocks (Interfaces, Classes, Methods, Properties, Fields)
• Why Generics?
  • Type Safety
  • Code Reusability
  • Performance (avoid boxing/unboxing)
• Generic Classes (MyList<T>)
• Generic Interfaces (IRepository<T>)

Hands-On / Outcome

Implement generic class & interface , Real-world generic repository demo

Introduction to Collections & Types

Key Topics Covered

• What is a Collection & why needed
• Collections vs Arrays
• Categorization of Collections
  • Index-based
  • Key-based
  • Sequential
  • Specialized
• Generic vs Non-Generic Collections
• Collection characteristics
  • Access pattern
  • Duplicates
  • Thread safety
• Common Interfaces: IEnumerable, ICollection, IDictionary, IList

Hands-On / Outcome

Identify correct collection for a given scenario Hands-on with index-based collections

Deep Dive: IEnumerable, ICollection & IQueryable

Key Topics Covered

• Recap of collection interfaces
• Exploring interfaces in Visual Studio Object Explorer
• Using IEnumerable<T> & ICollection<T> in method signatures
• yield keyword usage
• IQueryable<T> vs IEnumerable<T>
• EF Core + LINQ query flow

Hands-On / Outcome

EF Core demo, Query data using DbSet & LINQ, Understand deferred execution

Iteration Patterns in C#

Key Topics Covered

• Iteration fundamentals
• for vs foreach
• IEnumerable basics
• IEnumerator mechanics
• GetEnumerator(), MoveNext(), Current
• Stateless vs Stateful iteration

Hands-On / Outcome

Live demo comparing IEnumerable & IEnumerator Manual iteration scenarios

IComparable vs IComparer

Key Topics Covered

• Why sorting is needed
• Sorting primitives vs custom objects
• IComparable<T> – internal sorting logic
• IComparer<T> – external & flexible sorting
• Multiple sorting strategies

Hands-On / Outcome

Sort products by Price using IComparable, Sort by Name & Price using IComparer

Key-Based Collections

Key Topics Covered

• Key-based collection types
  • Hashtable
  • Dictionary
  • SortedDictionary
  • SortedList
• Internal storage structures
  • Hash tables
  • Red-Black Trees
  • Sorted arrays
• Access patterns via keys
• Order of data
• Duplicates & exceptions
• Role of GetHashCode()

Hands-On / Outcome

Create collections using different interfaces, HashCode demo, Real-world lookup examples

Sequential / Priority-Based Collections

Key Topics Covered

• Stack (LIFO)
  • Push, Pop, Peek
  • Use cases (Undo, browser history)
• Queue (FIFO)
  • Enqueue, Dequeue, Peek
  • Use cases (Order processing)

Hands-On / Outcome

E-commerce demo (search & order flow), Choosing FIFO vs LIFO

Specialized Collections

Key Topics Covered

• ObservableCollection<T>
  • CollectionChanged event
  • UI binding scenarios
• HashSet<T>
  • No duplicates
  • Set operations
• HybridDictionary
• String collections

Hands-On / Outcome

Console demos for events, Set operations demo, Hands-on lab

Introduction to ADO.NET & Database Connectivity Basics

Key Topics Covered

• Importance of data-driven applications
• Why ADO.NET still matters in 2025
• Evolution of Microsoft data access (DAO, RDO, ADO → ADO.NET)
• ADO.NET architecture: Connected vs Disconnected
• .NET Data Providers (SqlClient, OleDb, Odbc)
• Connection lifecycle & best practices
• Real-world demo: Connected & Disconnected models
• When to use ADO.NET vs EF Core

SQL Connection Pooling & Database Connection Best Practices

Key Topics Covered

• What is connection pooling & how it works internally
• Benefits of pooling
• Connection string settings (Pooling, Min/Max Pool Size, Timeout)
• Demo: Open/close connections in loop
• Performance comparison with and without pooling

Executing SQL Commands Using ADO.NET

Key Topics Covered

• SqlCommand overview
• ExecuteNonQuery, ExecuteReader, ExecuteScalar, ExecuteXmlReader
• Async methods: ExecuteReaderAsync, ExecuteNonQueryAsync
• CRUD operations using ADO.NET
• Hands-on: Insert & fetch employee data

Connected Data Access with SqlDataReader

Key Topics Covered

• SqlDataReader fundamentals
• Forward-only, read-only result sets
• Read(), HasRows, GetValue()
• Accessing data by column index & name
• Loading results into models / lists
• Async reader demo
• Hands-on exercises

Disconnected Data Access – DataSet & DataTable

Key Topics Covered

• Connected vs Disconnected architecture
• DataSet, DataTable, DataAdapter, DataRow
• RowState concepts
• In-memory CRUD operations
• Persisting changes using SqlDataAdapter
• AcceptChanges & error handling
• WinForms Product Management App demo

Disconnected Data Access – Multiple Tables & Relationships

Key Topics Covered

• Filling multiple tables in a DataSet
• Managing Customers & Orders tables
• Creating DataRelation
• Parent-child navigation
• Constraints (ForeignKey, Unique)
• Master-detail binding
• DataView for sorting & filtering

Advanced DataSet Handling & Serialization

Key Topics Covered

• Importance of serialization
• DataSet serialization to XML, JSON, CSV
• WriteXml, ReadXml, Newtonsoft.Json
• Demo: Display same data in multiple formats
• Use cases & best practices

Parameterized Queries & Stored Procedures

Key Topics Covered

• Problems with string concatenation
• SQL Injection attacks (live demo)
• Parameterized queries (Add vs AddWithValue)
• Stored procedures: benefits & usage
• Securing database access
• Hands-on labs

Understanding & Using MARS (Multiple Active Result Sets)

Key Topics Covered

• Limitation of SqlDataReader
• What is MARS & why it exists
• Real-world scenario: Customers → Orders
• Enabling MARS in connection string
• Demo: Code with & without MARS

Transactions in ADO.NET

Key Topics Covered

• Why transactions matter
• ACID properties
• SqlTransaction usage
• BeginTransaction, Commit, Rollback
• Error handling patterns
• Hands-on: Fund transfer scenario

Asynchronous Programming in ADO.NET

Key Topics Covered

• Problems with synchronous DB calls
• async/await recap
• Async ADO.NET methods
• SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServerAsync
• WinForms demo: UI freeze vs async execution

Bulk Data Loading with SqlBulkCopy

Key Topics Covered

• What is SqlBulkCopy & when to use it
• Destination table requirements
• Supported data sources
• Column mapping
• High-performance inserts
• Hands-on: DataTable & Excel import

Stored Procedure Input, OUTPUT & RETURN Values

Key Topics Covered

• Stored procedure fundamentals
• Input parameters from ADO.NET
• OUTPUT parameters handling
• RETURN values usage
• Combined demo with input, output & return values